Feminism: Key notes Waves of feminism First wave: early 20th century, suffragette movement (right to vote). Second wave: 1960s – 1990s, reproductive rights (pill), abortion, equal pay. Third wave: 1990s – present, empowerment, reclaiming of femininity (high heels, sexuality etc. See Angela McRobbie's work on women's magazines). Fourth wave? 2010 – ongoing, use of new technology and digital media (e.g. Twitter) for activism. Fourth wave? Many commentators argue that the internet itself has enabled a shift from ‘third-wave’ to ‘fourth-wave’ feminism. What is certain is that the internet has created a ‘call-out’ culture, in which sexism or misogyny can be ‘called out’ and challenged. This culture is indicative of the continuing influence of the third wave, with its focus on challenging sexism and misogyny in advertising, film, television and the media. Key quote: “power users of social media” The internet has facilitated the creation of a global...
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